viernes, 7 de septiembre de 2012

Just read... Neutrino by Frank Close


Making a compelling story out of subatomic particles is not an easy work, but Frank Close has indeed done it in this book. It's not just an essay about particles and physics, but an epic journey through the XX century accompanying all the great scientist who helped to detect these most elusive particles.

Through the book the author present all the bulding blocks that lead to the discovery of neutrinos, from the first glimpses of radioactivity to the massive experiments of recent decades. And this journey is full of amazing things: detectors with the size of a lake buried deep into gold mines, an experiment that took all the Gallium in the world, the serendipitous finding of an ancient supernova, light sensors drilled kilometers into the ice of Antartica, particles that appear and dissapear without a trace, scientist trying to find a couple of atoms of Argon in tanks the size of a swimming pool...

The narrative progresses along the years showing how our understanding of radation, the atom and subatomic particles evolved in time. Along the way we will learn many basic concepts of particle physics, from the early experiments to detect radation to the fusion reaction processes that power our sun, everything presented in a way that make these ideas really easy to understand to the reader.

In conclusion, a really enjoyable book in wich we will learn some physics, wonder at some amazing experiments, and meet some of the amazing scientist that with their curiosity, keen mind and determination made the discovery of neutrinos possible.

jueves, 16 de agosto de 2012

Chematica - A network model for chemistry

Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a beautiful network containing seven million chemical substances with the respective reactions that link them together. The software not only included the basic static data, but they are actually using machine learning applying over 86.000 chemical rules derived from existing knowlegde, which allow to explore relations between chemicals and help to identify the best paths to obtain a given chemical substance from others.



Having such a network of our knowledge of Chemistry can indeed be a great help to improve industrial processes and scientific research, since it tremendously simplifies the task of finding the best ways to synthesize chemicals or just find different ways to do the same thing. Using such a network model, it is possible to develop algorithms find the best path to synthesize a given chemical optimizing cost, ecological impact or available resources.

But this is not just an encyclopedia that allow us the explotation of existing knowledge and explore many connections which may be otherwise unknown without a tool like this, but also this kind of system will allow us to analyze the boundaries of our knowledge and project new possible compounds that are yet unknown.

Some interesting references...
The Guardian - Interview
The Grzybowski Group